
Tabelul 1. Principalele medicamente utilizate în tratamentul polineuropatiei diabetice senzoriale
Medicament |
Mod de acțiune |
Tip de tratament |
Caracteristici clinice |
Mod de administrare recomandat |
Acid alfa-lipoic |
antioxidant, antiinflamator îmbunătățește microcirculația |
patogenetic |
reface deficitele și ameliorează simptomele motorii, senzoriale și autonome cardiovasculare |
600 mg/zi i.v., apoi 600–1.200 mg/zi p.o. |
Benfotiamină |
blochează căile majore ale hiperglicemiei, antioxidant |
patogenetic |
îmbunătățește viteza de conducere nervoasă și ameliorează simptomatologia |
150–600 mg/zi monoterapie sau combinație |
Duloxetină |
îmbunătățește căile descendente inhibitorii ale durerii |
simptomatic |
efect rapid asupra durerii și calității vieții independent de acțiunea antidepresivă |
60–120 mg/zi; titrarea dozelor nu este necesară |
Pregabalină |
reduce hiperexcitabilitatea centrală responsabilă de durere |
simptomatic |
reducerea rapidă a durerii cronice moderate-severe și a simptomelor asociate durerii |
300–600 mg/zi în doze flexibile |
Gabapentină |
reduce hiperexcitabilitatea centrală responsabilă de durere |
simptomatic |
reducerea rapidă a durerii cronice moderat-severe și a simptomelor asociate durerii la doze eficiente |
900–3.600 mg/zi; titrare obligatorie |
Tabelul 2. Variantele de
tratament combinat pentru polineuropatia diabetică senzorială
Afectare
neuropatică (absența percepțiilor senzoriale |
Tratament patogenetic |
Neuropatie dureroasă, dar afectarea neuropatică nu poate fi detectată prin metodele convenționale (cel mai frecvent, neuropatie a fibrelor mici) |
Tratament simptomatic (Tratament patogenetic) |
Prezența simultană a afectării neuropatice și a neuropatiei dureroase |
Tratament patogenetic Tratament simptomatic |
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